Objective: Promote environmental awareness, sustainable lifestyles and environmentally efficient building practices
Even before the World Cup, increased awareness of environmental issues linked to impending resource constraints and global warming concerns in the Western Cape had led to a drive for urgent action at both local and provincial level.
The platform provided by a major event such as the 2010 FIFA World Cup™ was therefore leveraged to influence the behaviour and sustainability choices of participants, spectators and the public. This included constructing greener and more resource-efficient buildings, and promoting a healthy and environmentally sound lifestyle.
The projects
Project actions
Smart Living Centre in Green Point Park
The proposed Smart Living Centre in Green Point Park is a 2010 Green Goal legacy project expected to deliver substantial value to Cape Town. Once completed, the Smart Living Centre will educate and inspire residents and visitors to adopt sustainable living practices. The Centre will demonstrate environmentally friendly construction, and will embody the principles of ‘treading lightly’ on the earth.
The Centre will provide a tangible and enjoyable learning experience for young people and adults through hands-on workshops, interactions with living plants and animals, seminars, lectures and guided tours.
The following could be associated with the Smart Living Centre:
- A worm farm
- Organic and Farmers' markets
- Indoor and Outdoor play areas for children
- A public art pavilion and outdoor art
- A recycling drop-off centre and demonstration area
- A bicycle rental facility
A business plan and draft fundraising strategy were developed in 2008, and a KAS-sponsored workshop to discuss the Centre and its programmes was convened on 27 March 2009. A wide range of stakeholders attended and expressed support for the project.
The architects responsible for the upgrade of other buildings in Green Point Park were appointed to prepare conceptual design drawings of the Centre. Their brief called for the design of a ‘green building’ that was a demonstration of sustainable building practices in its own right. The footprint of the Centre was finalised, and the detailed design was translated into artist’s impressions to be used for fundraising purposes.
An intern from Germany scoped the environmental education programme that could be offered by the Centre, focusing on messages and contents not already covered by other environmental education facilities in Cape Town.
To view the Smart Living Centre on the Green Point Park summary, click here.
Lessons learnt on the proposed Smart Living Centre
The Smart Living Centre is potentially an anchor element within Green Point Park, and a legacy project of Green Goal 2010. Approval in terms of environmental and planning legislation is currently being obtained, and more public consultation will follow to ensure broad buy-in. Significant capital funding is required to construct and equip this Centre to offer a world-class urban environmental education experience to visitors and residents. Local institutional arrangements made securing funding from sponsors a challenge, but this has changed recently, and the Centre is now likely to be funded through a combination of government, sponsor and grant funding.
Undertaking and monitoring green review for Cape Town and Athlone stadia
In 2007, DEA, through the UEMP funded by DANIDA via the Royal Danish Embassy, commissioned a review of the greening status of the FIFA World Cup™ stadia (four official match stadia and one training venue). The aim was to establish how ‘green’ the stadium designs were, and to provide the design teams with the opportunity to enhance the green aspects of their designs. The review, which included both Cape Town and Athlone stadia, was carried out using the Council for Scientifi c and Industrial Research’s (CSIR) sustainable-building assessment tool.
Representatives from the City and the professional teams responsible for the design of the stadia met with the review team to brief them on the design of the stadia as well as measures that had been taken to make the stadia more sustainable from an environmental, social and economic perspective.
The professional teams reviewed the draft report produced for each stadium before it was fi nalised. The fi ndings from the reports were published in two booklets.
The review team concluded that the overall sustainability of both stadia was good and well balanced across the three measured areas. Some cutting-edge interventions in Green Point Stadium were noted, including the water-cooled variable refrigerant-volume air-conditioning system, used for the first time in a stadium application in South Africa
Lessons learnt on the green review for Cape Town and Athlone Stadia
Although the purpose of the review was to determine whether the stadia designs were in line with green building principles, the review team also shared considerable insight and knowledge with the stadium professional teams. The host cities that participated in the review of the 2010 World Cup stadia (Cape Town, Durban, Rustenburg and Polokwane) all felt that it would have been more beneficial if this specialist knowledge had been available during the conceptual design stage of the stadia, as, by the time the review took place, most stadia were already designed and under construction.
While it was an academic exercise for most of the stadia, in the case of Cape Town Stadium, some of the recommendations from the review were indeed implemented.
The final report of the Cape Town Stadium review was shared with the professional team responsible for the Philippi Stadium upgrade and, as a result, two best-practice energysaving interventions were included in the stadium refurbishment, also funded by the UEMP 2010 carbon mitigation grant.
Cape Town Green Map
The primary objective of the Cape Town Green Map (A3 poster version, A4 print version) is to inform Capetonians and visitors of opportunities to experience and support Cape Town’s wealth of natural resources and sustainable ‘green’ living options. The Green Map provides a fresh view of the city’s environment, and showcases ‘hot spots’ and locations of ecologically sensitive areas and activities in and around Cape Town. Included in the map are nature reserves, ecotourism sites, organic and farmer’s markets, recycling drop-off centres, etc.
The map provides an overview of the wealth of sustainable options available, and motivates behavioural change. It further provides an incentive to the city’s commercial sector to become more environmentally aware and adopt ‘green’ and/or sustainable practices and operating procedures.
The Cape Town Green Map was launched on 5 June 2009 at a carbon-neutral ‘virtual’ function hosted on personal computers, laptops and mobile phones. The media were invited to register upfront to receive their green media pass, which provided up-to-the-minute news feeds on the day of the launch. The project has continued to grow from strength to strength with the number of listings having exceeded the 400 mark.
The Cape Town Green Map is available in an online interactive version, accessible to the general public and visitors alike, on www.capetowngreenmap.co.za. A printed version of the map is also available.
The Cape Town Green Map is based on the Open Green Map System (http://www.greenmap.org), thereby benefiting from Greenmap.org resources and mapping technologies. Cape Town has joined over 350 Green Map cities in 50 countries on the Greenmap.org website.
A set of ‘green’ criteria and icons are used to select and display locations on the map:
Lessons learnt on the Cape Town Green Map
The Cape Town Green Map is a legacy project of Host City Cape Town’s Green Goal 2010 programme. The project built up a valuable track record and goodwill, having produced two print map editions and maintained a successful web presence. The services of a specialist mapping and communications team were commissioned to create the print and online versions of the Green Map. The team’s creative approach was invaluable in creating a world-class map and web presence, and establishing it as a source of environmental information in the city. Green Goal funding will ensure a further print run of the map after the 2010 FIFA World Cup™, after which third-party sponsorship will again be considered.
2010 Green Goal volunteer training module
The LOC identified 16 functional areas for volunteers, including in the fi eld of environmental services. The LOC appointed 1 200 volunteers in Host City Cape Town, including 12 environmental services volunteers tasked to inform spectators of the environmental management initiatives implemented in the stadium precincts where they had been deployed. The environmental services volunteers received in-depth training to equip them to assist with recycling and waste management during the 2010 FIFA World Cup™, and informing local and international fans of the Green Goal programme.
Host City Cape Town also appointed 504 volunteers to assist with the logistical operations of the 2010 FIFA World Cup™. An environmental awareness training module was developed for these volunteers, incorporating contents from the City’s Basic Environmental Awareness Training (BEAT), the Smart Living training modules for adult learners, and the DEA training course on event-greening guidelines. Six host city volunteers were assigned full-time to the Green Goal expo at the FIFA Fan Fest™, where they received specifi c training to assist with the Green Goal awareness programme.
DEA also trained 32 volunteers in each host city to support the Green Goal programmes. In Cape Town, the DEA volunteers assisted at the Green Goal expo at the FIFA Fan Fest™, and administered questionnaires during face-to-face interviews with fans. All the volunteers at the Green Goal expo were issued with a badge that encouraged fans to ask them about the Green Goal programme. They also walked among the fans with signage that created awareness of the Green Goal programme, and invited fans to visit the Green Goal expo.
The volunteer programme was one of the legacy programmes of the World Cup event, having aimed to equip volunteers with valuable work experience and the skills to serve at future major events. The imparting of environmental knowledge about the Green Goal 2010 programme, the city and the region was part of this legacy. The environmental awareness training module will be used for volunteer training for future major events in Cape Town and the Western Cape.
Lessons learnt on Green Goal volunteer training module
Host City Cape Town took the important decision that all volunteers, regardless of where they had been deployed, had to receive basic environmental awareness training to equip them to answer general questions about Cape Town and environs. The inclusion of environmental services in the functional areas of all volunteers was an early success of the national Green Goal programme.
The LOC recruited environmental services volunteers for the FCC and the 2010 FIFA World Cup™, who contributed signifi cantly to keeping the stadium environments litter-free by assisting spectators to recycle waste in the bins provided. Host City Cape Town gained valuable insight into the FCC volunteer programme, and applied it in the conceptualisation of the volunteer programme for the World Cup.
Green Goal soccer club competition
Soccer and environment educational poster and guide
The “Making Connections” soccer and environment project was conceptualised by the team responsible for the City Local Agenda 21 programme. The City partnered with a local NGO, Youth Unlimited, to develop the poster and conceptualise the messages. The poster was successfully piloted as an environmental education tool at a Manenberg youth football tournament in 2006.
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"Making Connections - Soccer and Environment" poster |
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| "Making Connections - Soccer and Environment" teachers guide |
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The 2010 Green Goal soccer and environment educational programme targeted Grade 7 learners of schools participating in the City’s Youth Environmental Schools (YES) programme. The poster was updated with new messages and a 2010 FIFA World Cup™ ‘look and feel’. A teacher’s guide, containing suggestions on how to integrate the soccer and environment poster and concepts with the Grade 7 curriculum, was also developed.
An educational programme, including an interactive theatre production, was developed using concepts from the poster and booklet, and was rolled out to 38 schools in Cape Town. During two teachers’ workshops, educators were trained to use the booklet and poster in their lesson plans.
Twenty-four schools that participated in the soccer and environment educational programme participated in a Green Goal soccer and environment tournament on World Environment Day, six days before the kick-off of the World Cup, on 5 June 2010. Zakumi, the offi cial 2010 FIFA World Cup™ mascot, visited and helped to hand out the prizes to the winners.
Lessons learnt on the soccer and environment educational poster and guide
Leveraging the opportunity provided by the 2010 FIFA World Cup™ to promote environmental awareness, and to educate and inspire learners about sustainability, was one of the key legacy objectives of Green Goal 2010. The World Cup created the platform to use soccer as a theme, and to publish an educational poster, which, together with an environmental education programme, aimed to raise awareness and change behaviour among Grade 7 learners. An interactive theatre production made use of concepts from the poster to support the message of environmental protection. The contents of the educational booklet were integrated with the school curriculum, so that teachers could utilise it as part of the syllabus.
Green Goal short films
A five-minute DVD promoting the Green Goal 2010 programme was developed and screened for the fi rst time at the Green Goal Action Plan launch in October 2008. After that, the DVD was screened at various meetings and exhibitions, including Soccerex 2008 and 2009. Three short fi lms on water conservation, waste reduction and recycling, and Green Goal 2010 in general were made and screened during the World Cup on the large-format screen at the FIFA Fan Fest™, at the Green Goal expo and at the fan jols.
Lessons learnt on the Green Goal short films
Audiovisual media are a powerful way to reach and inspire target audiences. Time on the big screens at the FIFA Fan Fest™ and the fan jols was reserved for the screening of the Green Goal short fi lms.
To document the Green Goal programme effectively, new footage should be regularly obtained. Filming should start as early on in the process as possible.
Anti-littering and waste recycling campaign
The City has ongoing anti-littering campaigns as part of the Solid Waste Department’s communications strategy. These were extended to incorporate the 2010 FIFA World Cup™. The character Zibi (the rubbish-eating ostrich) was used to assist with a public awareness campaign promoting a splitbin system for wet and dry waste in the Cape Town CBD, along the fan walk, at the FIFA Fan Fest™ and fan jols. The campaign targeted residents and visitors before and during the World Cup, and aimed to prevent littering and promote recycling in event areas.
In addition, the Province’s 2Wise2Waste campaign, launched in December 2006, was rolled out to fan jols and base camps in the province as part of the 2010 FIFA World Cup™ preparations. The volunteers who had received training in the Green Goal programme assisted the Province-supported fan jols by raising awareness of waste separation and antilittering actions at these venues.
The LOC also developed recycling signage, which was placed on the bins in the split-bin waste system at the FIFA Fan Fest™.
‘Drink tap water’ campaign
Every year since the Blue Drop awards were conceived in 2008, the City has been awarded Blue Drop status by the Department of Water Affairs (DWA). Blue Drop status indicates that consumers can safely drink water from the taps in Cape Town.
To provide access to clean, safe drinking water for all the soccer fans along the fan walk and at the FIFA Fan Fest™, water fountains were designed and installed. A short film was produced promoting the drinking of water from fountains, which was screened on the big screen at the FIFA Fan Fest™.
The water fountains will now be rebranded and used at other events and along the fan walk to coincide with major events in Cape Town Stadium.
Lessons learnt on the “Drink tap water” campaign
The installation of the water fountains at the FIFA Fan Fest™ and along the fan walk was welcomed by residents and fans. The fountains were well utilised, despite the fact that the 2010 FIFA World Cup™ was held in winter, when there is traditionally a demand for warm drinks.
The water fountains were designed to be reused at other events and along the fan walk.
The secondary message of the campaign, i.e. that drinking tap water could reduce the energy and waste created by bottled water production, was underplayed because of sensitivities around FIFA’s commercial affiliates.
Green procurement for 2010 events
Greening of 2010 events
The City’s Events Policy, adopted in October 2008, contains event-greening principles aimed at promoting environmentally and socially responsible events in the city. The principles are applicable to events in their entirety, including planning, construction, operations, management, decommissioning, and ongoing maintenance of events, events infrastructure and facilities.
Event-greening and green procurement criteria were included in the tenders for the event operators of Cape Town Stadium, the FIFA Fan Fest™, fan jols, the FIFA Fan Fest™ media centre, the fan walk and the Final Draw pre-event. A scoring mechanism was developed, which served as a basis for other operational tenders for the 2010 FIFA World Cup™. Workshops were arranged with the operators to discuss practical tips on how to implement event-greening at their respective venues and events.
Green Goal promotional items, including lapel badges, water bottles, note pads, goodie bags, and the peak caps and cotton golf shirts worn by the Green Goal team during the 2010 FIFA World Cup™, were manufactured in South Africa. In addition, PETCO sponsored Green Goal-branded long-sleeved T-shirts made from the fi bre of recycled plastic bottles. Where possible, promotional items were sourced from SMME companies and suppliers.
Green Goal functions, including the launch functions of the Green Goal Action Plan and Green Goal Progress Report, were held at venues that subscribe to event-greening principles. The catering at these functions was vegetarian with fresh seasonal produce, and tap water instead of bottled water was served.
All Host City Cape Town Green Goal 2010 publications, including the Green Goal Action Plan and Progress Report, Green Goal brochure, two editions of the Cape Town Green Map and the Smart Events Handbook, were printed on Sappi Triple Green paper. Triple Green paper is made from chlorine-free sugar cane fibre sourced from local suppliers and obtained from sustainable and internationally certifi ed afforestation, using independently audited chains of custody for incoming fibre. This paper was also used for the printing of the Final Draw and 2010 FIFA World Cup™ host city and media guides.
Lessons learnt on green procurement and the greening of 2010 events
The lack of a comprehensive green procurement policy for South Africa was a challenge, although municipal legislation provided for environmental criteria to be included in tenders, as long as these were supported by a defensible scoring system. The City’s scoring system is being refined and, once approved, can be applied to the procurement of goods and services for future events. Specific measures, such as the purchasing of green/renewable energy, should be implemented in future to improve the greening of events. In Cape Town, it is possible to purchase wind energy from a facility on the city’s doorstep.
FIFA published a host city events guide, documenting the rules and procedures for host city events. It was disappointing that the events guide made no mention of event-greening as a requirement for host city events. It was left up to the host cities themselves to implement eventgreening at their various events.
Host City Cape Town did extensive research on biodegradable plastics and composting to determine whether they would be a feasible alternative for conventional plastics. It was found that, without dedicated composting facilities, biodegradable plastics actually contaminate the industrial plastics recycling streams. Biodegradable cups, containers and cutlery should be used only when they can be kept in a separate waste stream and composted after the event.
Key references on green building and sustainable lifestyles
- Brooke Patrick Publications and the Royal Danish Embassy. 2008. Green Point Stadium: Environmental performance enhanced.
- Brooke Patrick Publications and the Royal Danish Embassy. 2009. Athlone Stadium: Environmental performance enhanced.
- City of Cape Town. September 2009. Basic Environmental Awareness Training (BEAT).
- City of Cape Town. 2008. Smart Living training modules for adult learners.
- City of Cape Town. April 2008. Water services development plan for City of Cape Town 2008/09– 2012/13.
- City of Cape Town. May 2008. Audiovisual of Mouille Point Student landscape design competition prize-giving.
- City of Cape Town. October 2008. Five-minute audiovisual overview of Green Goal 2010 programme.
- City of Cape Town. July 2009. Final Draw Event Greening Strategy.
- City of Cape Town. July 2010. “Making connections” soccer and environment poster.
- Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism. 2009. Guidelines for the greening of large sports events, with a focus on the 2010 FIFA World Cup™.
- Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung. October 2008. Audiovisual of Green Goal 2010 Action Plan launch.
- Ozinsky, S., Ackermann, K. and Lamb, S. January 2009. Green Point Park and ECO Centre Business Plan. Cape Town, South Africa. Commissioned by City of Cape Town.
- Provincial Government of the Western Cape. December 2006. 2Wise2Waste Programme.
- Provincial Government of the Western Cape. Department of Environmental Affairs and Development Planning. February 2010. Green Paper on Greening the Procurement of Goods and Services in the Provincial Government of the Western Cape.
- Stadium Architects. August 2009. Green Point Eco-centre conceptual design.
- Commissioned by City of Cape Town.
- Sustainable Energy Africa. April 2009. A Green Goal 2010 Workshop: Taking responsibility for tourism during the 2010 FIFA World Cup™. Cape Town.
- Todres, P. and Adams, G. April 2009. Presentation at Green Goal 2010 workshop on responsible tourism. Cape Town.
- Urban Environmental Management Programme and Green by Design WSP. 2008. 2010 FIFA World CupTM Green Point Stadium: Environmental Performance Enhanced. Pretoria, South Africa. Commissioned by Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism, funded by the Royal Danish Embassy, South Africa.